Omo International Journal of Sciences

Prevalence of hamstring muscle injuries and associated factors among soccer players the case of Southern Ethiopia

2025-11-01T09:31:07+03:00

Determining the hamstring injury and associated factors among soccer players will assist the Youth sports injury prevention and rehabilitation programs and concerned stakeholders to plan good sports injury prevention intervention. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of hamstring muscle injuries and associated factors among soccer players in selected three zones of southern Ethiopia. The study design was a cross-sectional study design conducted at soccer clubs at Gammo Goffa, Halaba and Wolayta Zones, from March 11/2019 to May 12/2019 G.C. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select 226 Participants.
To Collect relevant data both close and open-ended questions were used and Anthropometry measurement was measured by using standardized techniques and also Inspection and palpation of posterior thigh plus PSLRT was done. Data were entered using the computer program, epi-data version 4.4.3.1 exported into SPSS
version 21 software for analysis. A descriptive summary was used to present the study results. All variables in bivariable logistic regression with p< 0.25 were fitted into multivariable logistic regression. In multivariable logistic regression with backward LR elimination P-value (< 0.05) was used to decide whether the observed
difference is statically significant or not. Out of 226, 88.5% were males and 11.5% were females, the overall magnitude of hamstring strain injury was 17.3% with 95% CI. The number of all other body injuries sustained [AOR=14.4, 95% CI (4.55, 45.67))] and Previous History of posterior thigh pain, [AOR=4.58, 95% CI
(1.87, 11.25)] were identified as significant associated factors with HSI in soccer players. One-sixth of the payers sustained HSI and a player who has a previous Hx of posterior thigh pain had 4.58 times risk of developing HSI than a player with no previous Hx of posterior thigh pain this will remind the soccer clubs coaches and
medical team to evaluate and standardize their rehabilitation protocols for decision making on the length of days for rehabilitation.

Improved forage crops research and development in Ethiopia: Major achievements, challenges and the way forward

2025-11-03T11:30:29+03:00

This review paper provides an overview of improved/cultivated forage research and development efforts, important achievements, major constraints associated with forage development in the country and recommendations on the way forward. Feed shortage has been the persistent problem hampering livestock production and productivity in Ethiopia. The conventionally available feed resources (natural pasture and crop residues) are not only limited in quantity but also inferior in quality and cannot meet even the maintenance requirement of the country`s livestock resources. Improved forage crops have untapped potential to resolve the feed shortage problem and lay down the basis for intensification of livestock production if properly promoted, adopted and utilized in the farming systems. Hence, improvement in livestock production and productivity is unthinkable without intensification in feed production using other complementary feed resources in addition to the existing ones.

Keywords: Forage agronomy, Forage development, Forage production challenges, Forage research

Leadership Practices that Enable Agricultural Transformation: The case of Ethiopian irrigated wheat initiative

2025-11-03T11:38:36+03:00

Agricultural innovations play a vital role in enhancing production and productivity. Under Ethiopian context, agricultural innovations are deployed in the form of integrated technological innovations. The elements of technological packages include varieties and associated management practices. The rate of adoption and the pace at which such innovations are disseminated is normally slow. Thus organizations involved in innovation development and dissemination activities need to be agile to cope with the fast changing production environment as well as the pressing need for increased production and productivity. Enabling leadership refers to leadership practices that enable the positioning of individual and organizational actors by creating adaptive spaces. An adaptive space is about the social arrangements of the innovation system actors in ways that enable the creation of adaptive processes which eventually lead to an adaptive organization. Thus, being acquainted with leadership practices that enable the creation of adaptive spaces and facilitation of the vitality of associated adaptive processes is crucial. Activities that stimulate adaptive processes eventually facilitate the creation of adaptive organizations. Knowledge of factors that enable the creation of adaptive spaces, and leadership practices that help expedite the creation of vibrant adaptive processes is vital to be able to deploy appropriate adaptive interventions. This further enables the design of a refined intervention for future implementation under varied contexts. At the policy level, knowledge of enabling leadership practices that affect the success of such adaptive interventions is important for policy-makers to rethink their innovative food production policies. Thus, it is important to document process-oriented and relational approaches that facilitate the creation of adaptive spaces in which agricultural innovations are generated, diffused and adopted in networks based on information gathered from field-level implementation experiences. The Ethiopian irrigated wheat production initiative was as the subject of study. Some of the project evaluation questions for the retrospective analysis from the perspective of an enabling leadership model were: who were the agents involved in the irrigated wheat project? What were their roles? What were the enabling leadership practices that facilitated the creation of the adaptive space vital for the sustainability of the project? To answer the above questions, a template analysis of existing irrigated wheat project documents was done. One of the key lessons from the current analysis is that is the fact that leadership is a co-creation. An additional lesson also is that we must understand that leadership and followership are a complex social phenomenon of interacting leaders and followers in ways that co-produce enabling leadership and its outcomes.

Assessment of Knowledge and Associated Factors towards Congenital Anomalies among Pregnant Women Visiting Antenatal Care Clinic at Arba Minch General Hospital, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2025-10-31T22:11:51+03:00

Knowledge of Congenital anomalies (CAs) among the public, especially reproductive age women have a significant role in reducing the incidence. However, there is a dearth of studies conducted on this issue in our country. This study was aimed to assess the pregnant women’s knowledge of CAs at the antenatal care clinic of Arba Minch General Hospital. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2017 and September 2018. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were cleaned, entered and analysed by using SPSS version- 20 software packages. Besides descriptive statistics, Bi-variate and Multi-variate logistic regression analyses were done to explore the predictors of women’s level of knowledge
toward CAs. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. A total of 392 pregnant women had participated in the present study. From total respondents, only 11.0% of the pregnant women have known that many of CAs are of genetic origin, and a significant proportion of the women had believed that CA is a disease acquired by pregnant women (39.0%), and it occurs in a baby due to the sin of families (48.5%). Only 189 (48.2%) women had adequate overall knowledge about CAs. The participants had good knowledge of the risk factors than their specific knowledge of CAs. The level of education and occupation were significantly associated (P<0.05) with the women’s overall knowledge of CAs. In conclusion, the women’s knowledge of CAs in this study was found less. Appropriate strategies should be designed and implemented to improve women’s knowledge of congenital anomalies.

Trypanosomal infection rates in Glossina pallidipes in Bilbo village, Kamba District, Southern Ethiopia

2025-10-31T22:25:01+03:00

This study was a cross-sectional study conducted at Bilbo village in Kamba district, Southwestern Ethiopia, from November 2018 to April 2019 with the aim of determining the infection rate of trypanosomes in Glossina pallidipes. A total of 384 Glossina pallidipes were captured using acetone and animal urine-baited non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), bi-conical and sticky traps. Their organs (proboscis, salivary gland, and midgut) were dissected and microscopically examined. About 53.39% of Glossina pallidipes were captured through NGU, and the remaining 29.17% and 17.45% were captured via bi-conical and sticky traps, respectively. Out of the dissected specimens, 131 (34.1%) Glossina pallidipes were found positive for trypanosomes. Of this, 109 (28.38%) and 22 (5.73%) were female and male tsetse flies, respectively. The highest proportion of the tsetse fly (19.27%) was infected by T. vivax, followed by T. congolense, and T. brucei. There was a statistically significant difference in trypanosome infection rate among the sex (P = 0.001) and age (P = 0.0024) categories of Glossina pallidipes. The presence of Glossina pallidipes positive for trypanosomes might have contributed to bovine trypanosomosis in the study area. Hence, further studies should be undertaken in order to categorically prioritize the control of tsetse flies in the study area.

Keywords: Glossina pallidipes; T. brucei; T. congolense; T. vivax; Traps; Trypanosome infection rate