Unemployment, Migration and Food Insecurity in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This article review paper is based on theoretical and empirical studies on unemployment, migration, and food security in developing countries. The empirical literature focuses on systemic review of studies based on recently published studies and attempts to draw comparison between unemployment, migration, and food insecurity. It finds that food insecurity positively impacts migration, leading to rural outmigration due to lack of infrastructure and low connectivity. Unemployment becomes severe, causing food insecurity, forcing young people to migrate for livelihood options. Migration reduces unemployment and food insecurity by sending remittances back to families. However, young children are vulnerable to deception and misinformation about migration benefits. Moreover, the finding underlines that the relationship between these variables is not one dimensional rather more factors are linked to each other though mainly affected by one factor. The paper suggests international policy investment in sustainable rural development, climate adaptation, and resilient livelihoods since these factors are linked to food insecurity and migration. It also suggests the government and the nongovernmental organization to make interventions to tackle problems related to unemployment, migration, and food insecurity

Keywords: Unemployment, Migration, Food Inecurity, Developing Countries